Integrated Coordinated Science for the 21st Century
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Answers
Physics To Go
- For the tennis ball and for light, the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection (except for the effect of the spin of the ball).
- a) The normal is a line perpendicular to the mirror surface.
b) The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident beam and the normal. You measure this angle by tracing the path of the incident beam and then drawing the normal where the beam hits the mirror. Use a protractor to measure the angle.
c) The angle of reflection is the angle between the reflected beam and the normal. See answer to Part (b).
d) They are equal.
- See the drawing on page 218.
- a) See the drawing on page 218.
b - c) See below.

- a) Student activity.
b) The reflection moves toward the mirror and toward you.
c) The reflection moves away from the mirror and away from you.
d) The reflection is the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror. If you move your hand away from the mirror, the distance to the mirror increases, so the reflection is also further from the mirror.
- a) The letters A, I, T, M, O, W, U, and V
b) MOM, TOT, WOW
c) K, N, and S
d) See drawing below.
- It is usually seen in a rear-view mirror in which it would read normally.
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